{"id":18536,"date":"2020-11-30T09:54:28","date_gmt":"2020-11-30T08:54:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.intimina.com\/blog\/?p=18536"},"modified":"2020-11-30T09:54:28","modified_gmt":"2020-11-30T08:54:28","slug":"what-is-pelvic-inflammatory-disease","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.intimina.com\/blog\/what-is-pelvic-inflammatory-disease\/","title":{"rendered":"What is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, PID, is a term that is often thrown around in reproductive health conversations, however, it\u2019s not always clearly understood.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Affecting an estimated <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/pid\/stdfact-pid.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">4.4%<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> of women of reproductive age in the U.S., PID is fairly common, and when left untreated, can come with serious long term health implications.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PID develops when bacteria travels through the cervix, causing an infection in the upper reproductive organs &#8211; uterus, fallopian tubes, and\/ or ovaries. When microorganisms from the cervix and vagina move up the reproductive tract, it can lead to PID. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Typically these microorganisms are bacteria from <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.intimina.com\/blog\/sti-101-your-questions-answered\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">STIs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, namely chlamydia and gonorrhea, but it can also develop from other pathogens. STIs are the cause of about one-third of PID, although this rate is higher for people under the age of twenty-five.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>What are The Symptoms of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some people with PID are asymptomatic, while others may have a gradual increase of symptoms, or acute onset. The symptoms of PID can appear non-specific, and can easily be confused with other reproductive health or abdominal issues.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Here are some common symptoms of PID:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain in the lower pelvic area.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increased <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vaginal discharge<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or discharge that is yellow, greenish, or pus-like.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Irregular periods or spotting.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain with intercourse.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Frequent and painful urination.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pelvic organ and abdominal tenderness.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Presence of <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.intimina.com\/blog\/endometriosis-sex\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">endometriosis<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the case of an acute infection, people may experience nausea, vomiting, dehydration, fever, and rapidly worsening pain.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Diagnosing Pelvic Inflammatory Disease<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diagnosing PID can be challenging because symptoms are non-specific.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you or your provider suspect PID, you will most likely be diagnosed using a variety of methods:\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An external and internal examination of the reproductive and abdominal organs, to test for tenderness and visual signs of an infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A complete STI test.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Possibly a pregnancy test.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">white blood cell count<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> to test for an infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An ovarian ultrasound or transvaginal sonogram.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A blood culture to determine which bacteria are present.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A diagnostic <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/laparoscopy\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">laparoscopy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>Risk Factors for Pelvic Inflammatory Disease<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Outside of contracting an STI, there are a few other ways PID can develop.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">People who have had a recent gynecological procedure or surgery like an IUD insertion or endometrial biopsy, have an increased risk of PID.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Recent pregnancies or birth, no matter the outcome of it, also increases someone\u2019s risk of PID.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Long Term Health Impacts of PID<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PID causing bacteria can potentially infect and damage any organs it comes in contact with, but the fallopian tubes are the most susceptible to damage, because of their fragility. When the infection ends at the fallopian tubes, it is called <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.healthline.com\/health\/womens-health\/salpingitis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">salpingitis<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">f it spreads into the abdominal cavity, it can lead to <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.webmd.com\/digestive-disorders\/peritonitis-symptoms-causes-treatments\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">peritonitis<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, inflammation of the tissues on the inner wall of the abdomen.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most common complications of PID is infertility, difficulty conceiving, or bringing a baby to term. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/pid\/stdfact-pid.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One in eight women<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> who have had PID report difficulty conceiving. PID also increases someone\u2019s chance of having an <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.intimina.com\/blog\/understanding-ectopic-pregnancy\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ectopic pregnancy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, a painful and possibly life-threatening complication. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For people with untreated PID who are pregnant, the infection-causing bacteria can potentially cause health issues in the developing fetus.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other people may experience chronic pelvic pain, and possibly the development of scar tissue, known as adhesions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">PID can lead to a tubo-ovarian abscess, an inflammatory mass in the fallopian tubes, and possibly the surrounding organs.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In very rare cases PID can lead to death. Fatality is less than <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/pid\/stdfact-pid-detailed.htm#:~:text=Mortality%20from%20PID%20is%20less,TOA%20or%20to%20ectopic%20pregnancy.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1%<\/a><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0and is typically from a subsequent health issue like TOA or ectopic pregnancy.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Long term health complications and the risk of infertility <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5193130\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">increases<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> with multiple PID infections.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>How Do You Treat PID?<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sometimes PID may go away on its own, this is typically in cases where patients exhibited no symptoms. However, this isn\u2019t the case for most people, which means it\u2019s important to seek treatment as soon as symptoms arise.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The most common course of treatment is through antibiotics. While antibiotics cannot reverse scarring that has already occurred, they should prevent future damage from an infection.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In some cases, a provider may collect a blood culture from the fallopian tubes that would tell what kind of bacteria it is. Since this is a difficult process, they usually just prescribe a broad-spectrum antibiotic that should kill all possible strains of PID causing bacteria.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If you are given antibiotics for PID (or anything else), it\u2019s important to finish the full round, even if your symptoms disappear.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In severe cases, someone may require inpatient care with intravenous antibiotics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Other possible, but not common, treatments are a drainage procedure or other surgery, especially for those that do not respond to antibiotics, or if there is a rupture in their reproductive organs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>How to Prevent PID<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are many steps you can take to help minimize your risk of developing PID.<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Don\u2019t Douche. <\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/www.intimina.com\/blog\/the-dangers-of-douching\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Douching<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> can impact the <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.intimina.com\/blog\/vaginal-flora\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">vagina\u2019s natural flora<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, throwing off its pH levels, and increasing the risk of infection.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Use Protection.<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Use condoms or other protective barriers, especially when having sex with a new partner.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Get tested for STIs, <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">the sooner STIs are detected, the lower your chances of PID.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><b>Seek Treatment <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">immediately if symptoms develop.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although there is no such thing as \u201csafe sex\u201d, you can practice <\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">safer<\/span><\/i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sex by getting tested after a new partner, or if you have more than one partner, discussing STIs with your partner, and getting tested regularly &#8211; at least every six months.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pelvic Inflammatory Disease, PID, is a term that is often thrown around in reproductive health conversations, however, it\u2019s not always clearly understood.\u00a0 Affecting an estimated 4.4% of women of reproductive&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":18537,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v20.12 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease? 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